Examining the appearance, traits, actions, behavior, thoughts, emotions, and motivations of a character alone or in interaction with others is one of the topics of characterization in the literature and psychology of the fiction, which can be used to know how much a writer pays attention to and succeeds in making his fictional character look real. In this article, some characters of the Shahnameh from fictional aspects (literary and psychological) such as comprehensiveness and simplicity, static and dynamic (transformation), structure and texture, attributes, exclusivism or collectiveness, ethics and altruism, and other feelings such as humiliation, anxiety, etc have been investigated to determine the degree of accuracy and skill of Ferdowsi in characterization. The results show that Ferdowsi pays a lot of attention to showing the real behaviors and thoughts of the characters as far as the most natural actions of any character are seen in any situation. In this research, the literary characterization and performance of the characters have been studied psychologically in a descriptive-analytical manner with a critical approach.