Journal of Heroic Literature

Journal of Heroic Literature

Investigating the position and role of the continuous pronoun "sh" in Siavash’s story and its impact on the epic and heroic aspects

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Qom University, Qom, Iran
2 PhD student in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Qom University, Qom, Iran
10.22034/heroic.2026.3.5.07
Abstract
More than just an epic work, the Shahnameh is known as the most important document that gives cultural and linguistic identity to Iranians. Ferdowsi’s language has been a model for stability and refinement in later periods. Undoubtedly, one of the important steps in understanding a text and its language is to pay attention to the relationships between words in the chain of conjunctions of sentences (syntactic relationships).If the role of words is correctly identified, the ambiguities arising from the syntactic relations between words will be resolved and its epic aspect will also be more visible. Continuous pronouns are one of the types of words that have the necessary flexibility to rotate in the space of sentence conjunction. Therefore, in this study, using a library and text-oriented method and a descriptive-analytical method, the use of the continuous pronoun "sh" with emphasis on being continuous with the verb in Siavash's story and its effect on the epic aspect of Shahnameh has been studied and analyzed. From the study of the subject, it was found that the pronouns used in Siavash's story are about 288 cases, with the most use of this pronoun in the role of adverbial and its least use in the position of a subject pronoun.Of course, it should be said that one of the roles that has received less attention is the pronoun attached to the verb "sh", in the third person singular verb, in the role of the subject, and some have doubted its existence or calling it a subject pronoun or a redundant pronoun; however, in this study, cases were brought out in which there is no doubt about the subjectivity of the pronoun and this pronoun is included in the sentence with the object or complement and should be considered a subject pronoun, therefore, the view that such a pronoun does not exist is incorrect.
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